Because they have negligible mass, are electrically neutral and have an extremely low interaction probability, they traverse the universe essentially unimpeded and point directly back to their sources. High-energy neutrino astronomy is a most promising approach to address the still unanswered question of the origin of high-energy cosmic rays. Comprehensive examples are used to discuss the capabilities of the code and different aspects of instrumental design decisions. A variety of models and parameterizations for the radio emission of neutrino-induced showers are compared and reviewed. This paper focuses on the implemented physics processes and their implications for detector design. It includes a state-of-the-art event generator, an improved modelling of the radio emission, a revisited approach to signal propagation and increased flexibility and precision in the detector simulation. NuRadioMC is designed as a modern, modular Python-based framework, combining flexibility in detector design with user-friendliness. NuRadioMC simulates everything from the neutrino interaction in a medium, the subsequent Askaryan radio emission, the propagation of the radio signal to the detector and finally the detector response. This method exploits the radio emission generated in the electromagnetic component of a particle shower following a neutrino interaction. NuRadioMC is a Monte Carlo framework designed to simulate ultra-high energy neutrino detectors that rely on the radio detection method.
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